Corrective Jaw (Orthognathic) Surgery: Types of Procedures and Treatments

What is Orthognathic Surgery or Jaw Surgery?

Orthognathic surgery, often referred to as corrective jaw surgery, is a series of procedures designed to correct jaw and facial bone discrepancies. These surgeries aim to improve the function and appearance of the jaw, teeth, and facial structure. They are typically performed when there are significant alignment issues that cannot be corrected with orthodontics alone.

Why is Orthognathic Surgery Needed?

Orthognathic surgery is necessary for patients experiencing functional issues such as difficulty in chewing, speech problems, and breathing difficulties. It also addresses aesthetic concerns by improving facial symmetry and profile, providing both functional and cosmetic benefits.

Types of Corrective Jaw (Orthognathic) Surgery

Maxillary Osteotomy

Maxillary osteotomy is a surgical procedure aimed at repositioning the upper jaw (maxilla). This procedure is essential for correcting open bites, crossbites, and midface deficiencies. By realigning the maxilla, patients can achieve better bite function and facial symmetry.

Mandibular Osteotomy

Mandibular osteotomy involves repositioning the lower jaw (mandible) to correct conditions such as overbite, underbite, and a receding chin. This surgery is crucial for ensuring that the lower and upper teeth meet properly, improving both function and appearance.

Bimaxillary Osteotomy

Bimaxillary osteotomy involves surgery on both the upper and lower jaws. This comprehensive approach is used for severe cases where both jaws are misaligned. The procedure ensures that the jaws are aligned properly, resulting in improved facial aesthetics and function.

Genioplasty

Genioplasty is a surgical procedure focused on reshaping the chin. It can be performed alone or alongside other orthognathic surgeries to enhance chin projection and balance facial features. This procedure is particularly beneficial for patients with a weak or receding chin.

TMJ Surgery

TMJ (temporomandibular joint) surgery addresses issues related to the jaw joint, such as pain, dysfunction, and limited movement. Dr. Nehal Patel, an expert in TMJ Arthroscopy, uses minimally invasive techniques to treat TMJ disorders, offering patients relief from chronic pain and discomfort.

Examples of Jaw Problems Caused by Injuries or Medical Conditions

Jaw problems can arise from a variety of injuries or medical conditions, affecting both the function and appearance of the jaw. Here are some common examples:

• Facial Fractures: Facial Trauma or Facial Fracture, often from accidents or sports injuries, can lead to fractures in the jawbones. These fractures may result in misalignment, pain, and difficulty in moving the jaw.
• Cysts and Tumors: Abnormal growths such as cysts or tumors can develop in the jawbone or surrounding tissues. These can cause swelling, pain, and potential displacement of teeth or jaw structures.
• Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA): This condition involves the blockage of the airway during sleep, often due to structural issues in the jaw or throat. Orthognathic surgery can help reposition the jaw to improve airway function and reduce OSA symptoms.
• Temporomandibular Joint Disorders (TMJ): TMJ disorders affect the joint that connects the jaw to the skull, leading to pain, limited movement, and sometimes chronic discomfort. Surgery may be needed to correct severe TMJ issues.
• Growth Disturbances: Developmental anomalies, such as cleft lip and palate or other congenital conditions, can cause abnormal jaw growth. These conditions often require surgical intervention to correct the alignment and function of the jaw.

The Process of Orthognathic Surgery

Pre-Surgical Assessment

The process begins with a thorough assessment, including imaging and consultations with orthodontists and surgeons. This helps in planning the surgery and ensuring the best outcomes.

Surgical Procedure

The surgery itself involves making incisions inside the mouth to access the jawbones, which are then repositioned. Plates and screws may be used to secure the bones in their new position.

Post-Surgical Care

Post-surgical care is crucial for recovery. Patients may need to follow a special diet, attend follow-up appointments, and undergo physical therapy to regain full function.

Dr. Nehal Patel: Leading Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeon in India

Dr. Nehal Patel is a distinguished oral and maxillofacial surgeon in India specializing in TMJ Arthroscopy, Total TMJ Replacement, and Orthognathic Surgery. He practices at nuFace Maxillofacial & Dental Hospital, a premier facility offering cutting-edge treatments. Dr. Nehal Patel’s expertise in orthognathic surgery, combined with his dedication to patient care, makes him one of the best in the field.

Conclusion

Orthognathic surgery offers significant benefits for those with jaw and facial discrepancies. Whether addressing functional issues or enhancing aesthetics, these procedures can transform lives. Under the expert care of Dr. Nehal Patel at nuFace Maxillofacial & Dental Hospital, patients receive top-notch care tailored to their specific needs. For more information, visit nuFace Maxillofacial & Dental Hospital.